Keywords:features of rough terrain forklifts Rough Terrain forklift  4wd forklift off road definition of off road forklift  All-wheel drive  off-road forklift

          off-road forklift is a kind of engineering vehicle that can safely and efficiently carry out material loading, unloading, stacking and handling operations on slopes and uneven ground. type working device) to improve its working efficiency. There are many structural types of off-road forklifts, but its biggest feature lies in its good passability and off-road performance.

Off-road forklifts are mainly used for field projects such as urban construction sites, pipeline laying, oil field development, and mountain forest operations, as well as for loading and unloading of troops accompanying the army and loading and unloading of containers in dock yards.

The structure of the working device of the off-road forklift is roughly the same as that of the ordinary forklift, and the difference between the two is that it has a completely different chassis structure. In order to meet the requirements of off-road operations, the structure of off-road forklifts usually has the following features :

1. Good passability and off-road performance. All-wheel drive, no differential between axles; large-diameter and wide-base off-road tires; the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle is greater than 300 mm; the departure angle is over 30 degrees.

2. Most of them use a hinged frame, the frame swing angle is generally 32°~40°, the steering system is simple, no expensive steering drive axle is required, the production cost is low, and a small steering radius can be achieved. Manipulating the steering wheel allows the frame to swing horizontally, making the forks easy to align with the material. For small-tonnage off-road forklifts, in order to simplify the structure, an integral frame is used, driven by a single axle, and the drive axle is equipped with a differential lock.

3. All-wheel braking. In addition to the structure of rising shoe brakes on small-tonnage forklifts, caliper disc brakes are mostly used now, with good braking performance, long service life, and easy maintenance, and wet brakes are used on large-tonnage forklifts. . The parking brake is an independent handbrake system.

4. For 2~3t off road  forklifts, the front and rear axles are common, which is convenient for production management.

5. The rear axle of the off road  forklift is fixed to the frame, while the front axle can swing vertically relative to the frame by ±8°~12°. A supporting oil cylinder is arranged between the vehicle frame and the front axle. When the forklift is lifting, the lifting mast can be maintained in a lateral vertical state by manipulating the supporting oil cylinder. When the forklift is running, the oil paths in the upper and lower chambers of the support cylinder are connected through the damping holes, which is beneficial to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.

6. Compared with the ordinary forklift, the off road  forklift has a larger wheelbase and wheelbase, so that it has good longitudinal and lateral stability.

7. Has excellent maneuverability. The maximum speed is generally 30~40km/h, the power factor is above 0.65, the driving acceleration is good, and it has a large climbing ability, generally 25°~30°

8. In order to adapt to safe operation and driving on uneven ground, off-road forklifts are required to have a large mast inclination angle, generally 10°~15° forward and 15° backward

9. In order to ensure the operator's field of vision when performing loading operations, the driver's seat is generally arranged forward. For articulated forklifts, place them on the front frame as much as possible. According to different operation requirements, a roof guard or cab with FOPS/ROPS is installed.

10. The driving system of off-road forklifts is similar to that of wheel loaders, with various transmission systems such as mechanical transmission (Me), hydraulic shift mechanical transmission (HyCom), hydraulic transmission (T/C) and hydrostatic transmission (HyDrive) The difference between the models is that the full power matching method is adopted, and the maximum load is the full load climbing condition.